Tally for votes by US Citizens.
This page includes not only the basic tallies for each voting system, as if each respective system were in use, it also includes some extra stats:
Plurality vote totals:
Candidate | Number of Votes |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 288 |
Joe Biden | 264 |
Jo Jorgensen | 192 |
Howie Hawkins | 34 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 35 |
Dan Crenshaw | 15 |
Justin Amash | 51 |
Amy Klobuchar | 16 |
Bernie Sanders | 210 |
Andrew Yang | 52 |
Elizabeth Warren | 34 |
John Kasich | 14 |
Jeb Bush | 8 |
Rand Paul | 34 |
Ted Cruz | 20 |
TOTAL: | 1267 |
The winner is Donald Trump with 22.7% of the vote
Approval vote totals:
Candidate | Number of Votes |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 400 |
Joe Biden | 480 |
Jo Jorgensen | 426 |
Howie Hawkins | 217 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 360 |
Dan Crenshaw | 165 |
Justin Amash | 320 |
Amy Klobuchar | 210 |
Bernie Sanders | 541 |
Andrew Yang | 486 |
Elizabeth Warren | 389 |
John Kasich | 160 |
Jeb Bush | 125 |
Rand Paul | 371 |
Ted Cruz | 262 |
Ballots Cast: | 1267 |
The winner is Bernie Sanders with 42.7% of the vote
Instant Runoff required 14 rounds:
Round 1:
Donald Trump | 255 |
Joe Biden | 116 |
Jo Jorgensen | 168 |
Howie Hawkins | 46 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 37 |
Dan Crenshaw | 22 |
Justin Amash | 81 |
Amy Klobuchar | 19 |
Bernie Sanders | 252 |
Andrew Yang | 92 |
Elizabeth Warren | 68 |
John Kasich | 18 |
Jeb Bush | 8 |
Rand Paul | 51 |
Ted Cruz | 34 |
Jeb Bush eliminated in this round.
Round 2:
Donald Trump | 256 |
Joe Biden | 116 |
Jo Jorgensen | 168 |
Howie Hawkins | 46 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 37 |
Dan Crenshaw | 22 |
Justin Amash | 82 |
Amy Klobuchar | 19 |
Bernie Sanders | 253 |
Andrew Yang | 92 |
Elizabeth Warren | 68 |
John Kasich | 20 |
Rand Paul | 51 |
Ted Cruz | 37 |
Amy Klobuchar eliminated in this round.
Round 3:
Donald Trump | 256 |
Joe Biden | 124 |
Jo Jorgensen | 170 |
Howie Hawkins | 48 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 37 |
Dan Crenshaw | 22 |
Justin Amash | 82 |
Bernie Sanders | 256 |
Andrew Yang | 93 |
Elizabeth Warren | 70 |
John Kasich | 21 |
Rand Paul | 51 |
Ted Cruz | 37 |
John Kasich eliminated in this round.
Round 4:
Donald Trump | 257 |
Joe Biden | 128 |
Jo Jorgensen | 170 |
Howie Hawkins | 48 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 40 |
Dan Crenshaw | 23 |
Justin Amash | 84 |
Bernie Sanders | 258 |
Andrew Yang | 95 |
Elizabeth Warren | 72 |
Rand Paul | 54 |
Ted Cruz | 38 |
Dan Crenshaw eliminated in this round.
Round 5:
Donald Trump | 258 |
Joe Biden | 129 |
Jo Jorgensen | 174 |
Howie Hawkins | 48 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 46 |
Justin Amash | 85 |
Bernie Sanders | 258 |
Andrew Yang | 96 |
Elizabeth Warren | 72 |
Rand Paul | 57 |
Ted Cruz | 44 |
Ted Cruz eliminated in this round.
Round 6:
Donald Trump | 278 |
Joe Biden | 131 |
Jo Jorgensen | 177 |
Howie Hawkins | 49 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 48 |
Justin Amash | 86 |
Bernie Sanders | 260 |
Andrew Yang | 96 |
Elizabeth Warren | 72 |
Rand Paul | 70 |
Tulsi Gabbard eliminated in this round.
Round 7:
Donald Trump | 281 |
Joe Biden | 137 |
Jo Jorgensen | 186 |
Howie Hawkins | 52 |
Justin Amash | 95 |
Bernie Sanders | 266 |
Andrew Yang | 101 |
Elizabeth Warren | 74 |
Rand Paul | 75 |
Howie Hawkins eliminated in this round.
Round 8:
Donald Trump | 284 |
Joe Biden | 143 |
Jo Jorgensen | 188 |
Justin Amash | 95 |
Bernie Sanders | 301 |
Andrew Yang | 104 |
Elizabeth Warren | 77 |
Rand Paul | 75 |
Rand Paul eliminated in this round.
Round 9:
Donald Trump | 310 |
Joe Biden | 144 |
Jo Jorgensen | 204 |
Justin Amash | 119 |
Bernie Sanders | 302 |
Andrew Yang | 109 |
Elizabeth Warren | 79 |
Elizabeth Warren eliminated in this round.
Round 10:
Donald Trump | 310 |
Joe Biden | 161 |
Jo Jorgensen | 210 |
Justin Amash | 120 |
Bernie Sanders | 342 |
Andrew Yang | 124 |
Justin Amash eliminated in this round.
Round 11:
Donald Trump | 318 |
Joe Biden | 165 |
Jo Jorgensen | 305 |
Bernie Sanders | 346 |
Andrew Yang | 133 |
Andrew Yang eliminated in this round.
Round 12:
Donald Trump | 326 |
Joe Biden | 194 |
Jo Jorgensen | 335 |
Bernie Sanders | 412 |
Joe Biden eliminated in this round.
Round 13:
Donald Trump | 342 |
Jo Jorgensen | 384 |
Bernie Sanders | 541 |
Donald Trump eliminated in this round.
Round 14:
Jo Jorgensen | 638 |
Bernie Sanders | 629 |
And the winner is: Jo Jorgensen
Candidate | W/L/T | vs. Trump | vs. Biden | vs. Jorgensen | vs. Hawkins | vs. Gabbard | vs. Crenshaw | vs. Amash | vs. Klobuchar | vs. Sanders | vs. Yang | vs. Warren | vs. Kasich | vs. Bush | vs. Paul | vs. Cruz |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 0/14/0 | 564 to 703 | 390 to 877 | 535 to 732 | 445 to 822 | 497 to 770 | 416 to 851 | 540 to 727 | 540 to 727 | 475 to 792 | 569 to 698 | 529 to 738 | 524 to 743 | 400 to 867 | 491 to 776 | |
Joe Biden | 6/8/0 | 703 to 564 | 559 to 708 | 616 to 651 | 545 to 722 | 672 to 595 | 614 to 653 | 646 to 621 | 502 to 765 | 406 to 861 | 562 to 705 | 660 to 607 | 674 to 593 | 630 to 637 | 689 to 578 | |
Jo Jorgensen | 13/1/0 | 877 to 390 | 708 to 559 | 796 to 471 | 713 to 554 | 875 to 392 | 776 to 491 | 754 to 513 | 638 to 629 | 633 to 634 | 711 to 556 | 865 to 402 | 896 to 371 | 859 to 408 | 887 to 380 | |
Howie Hawkins | 10/4/0 | 732 to 535 | 651 to 616 | 471 to 796 | 536 to 731 | 717 to 550 | 643 to 624 | 686 to 581 | 541 to 726 | 491 to 776 | 676 to 591 | 712 to 555 | 734 to 533 | 678 to 589 | 728 to 539 | |
Tulsi Gabbard | 13/1/0 | 822 to 445 | 722 to 545 | 554 to 713 | 731 to 536 | 875 to 392 | 770 to 497 | 859 to 408 | 648 to 619 | 655 to 612 | 764 to 503 | 915 to 352 | 922 to 345 | 785 to 482 | 850 to 417 | |
Dan Crenshaw | 6/8/0 | 770 to 497 | 595 to 672 | 392 to 875 | 550 to 717 | 392 to 875 | 545 to 722 | 643 to 624 | 543 to 724 | 510 to 757 | 640 to 627 | 701 to 566 | 731 to 536 | 617 to 650 | 758 to 509 | |
Justin Amash | 9/5/0 | 851 to 416 | 653 to 614 | 491 to 776 | 624 to 643 | 497 to 770 | 722 to 545 | 698 to 569 | 602 to 665 | 586 to 681 | 676 to 591 | 846 to 421 | 882 to 385 | 834 to 433 | 881 to 386 | |
Amy Klobuchar | 6/8/0 | 727 to 540 | 621 to 646 | 513 to 754 | 581 to 686 | 408 to 859 | 624 to 643 | 569 to 698 | 553 to 714 | 445 to 822 | 659 to 608 | 784 to 483 | 794 to 473 | 703 to 564 | 758 to 509 | |
Bernie Sanders | 11/3/0 | 727 to 540 | 765 to 502 | 629 to 638 | 726 to 541 | 619 to 648 | 724 to 543 | 665 to 602 | 714 to 553 | 609 to 658 | 769 to 498 | 781 to 486 | 785 to 482 | 730 to 537 | 754 to 513 | |
Andrew Yang | 13/1/0 | 792 to 475 | 861 to 406 | 634 to 633 | 776 to 491 | 612 to 655 | 757 to 510 | 681 to 586 | 822 to 445 | 658 to 609 | 842 to 425 | 926 to 341 | 917 to 350 | 797 to 470 | 834 to 433 | |
Elizabeth Warren | 6/8/0 | 698 to 569 | 705 to 562 | 556 to 711 | 591 to 676 | 503 to 764 | 627 to 640 | 591 to 676 | 608 to 659 | 498 to 769 | 425 to 842 | 718 to 549 | 748 to 519 | 687 to 580 | 725 to 542 | |
John Kasich | 4/10/0 | 738 to 529 | 607 to 660 | 402 to 865 | 555 to 712 | 352 to 915 | 566 to 701 | 421 to 846 | 483 to 784 | 486 to 781 | 341 to 926 | 549 to 718 | 805 to 462 | 660 to 607 | 780 to 487 | |
Jeb Bush | 2/12/0 | 743 to 524 | 593 to 674 | 371 to 896 | 533 to 734 | 345 to 922 | 536 to 731 | 385 to 882 | 473 to 794 | 482 to 785 | 350 to 917 | 519 to 748 | 462 to 805 | 591 to 676 | 753 to 514 | |
Rand Paul | 5/9/0 | 867 to 400 | 637 to 630 | 408 to 859 | 589 to 678 | 482 to 785 | 650 to 617 | 433 to 834 | 564 to 703 | 537 to 730 | 470 to 797 | 580 to 687 | 607 to 660 | 676 to 591 | 910 to 357 | |
Ted Cruz | 1/13/0 | 776 to 491 | 578 to 689 | 380 to 887 | 539 to 728 | 417 to 850 | 509 to 758 | 386 to 881 | 509 to 758 | 513 to 754 | 433 to 834 | 542 to 725 | 487 to 780 | 514 to 753 | 357 to 910 |
We have a tie! No candidate won every head to head contest.
Here is the straight up count using the Range ballots. Candidate with the highest number of total stars wins.
Candidate | Total Stars | Average Stars |
---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 4022 | 3.2 |
Joe Biden | 4331 | 3.4 |
Jo Jorgensen | 5076 | 4.0 |
Howie Hawkins | 3403 | 2.7 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 4551 | 3.6 |
Dan Crenshaw | 3086 | 2.4 |
Justin Amash | 4424 | 3.5 |
Amy Klobuchar | 3419 | 2.7 |
Bernie Sanders | 5666 | 4.5 |
Andrew Yang | 5525 | 4.4 |
Elizabeth Warren | 4444 | 3.5 |
John Kasich | 2925 | 2.3 |
Jeb Bush | 2803 | 2.2 |
Rand Paul | 4434 | 3.5 |
Ted Cruz | 3457 | 2.7 |
And the winner is: Bernie Sanders
Another possible way to use range ballots is to pick the top two candidates based on the number of stars and then do a runoff round using simple majority voting. (Or more than two if there is a tie for second place.) For the second round we count ballots where the top two candidates have the same number of stars as both being approved -- which has no impact except for a special case. ( If there are more than two candidates in the second round, 2 candidates might have more than the third making the tie meaningful.)
The idea behind Range with Runoff is to encourage people to express preferences between all candidates so that their vote counts in the second round. (Since this was not in the instructions for this simulation, doing a Range with Runoff count here is not a great test of the concept!)
Range with Runoff as per this experiment is similar to Star Voting, only with more possible stars.
First Round:
For the first round, we count just as in Range Voting, but we are interested in the top two candidates. If there is a tie for second place in this round, then we take the top candidate and all second place candidates to the second round.
Candidate | Number of Stars |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 4022 |
Joe Biden | 4331 |
Jo Jorgensen | 5076 |
Howie Hawkins | 3403 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 4551 |
Dan Crenshaw | 3086 |
Justin Amash | 4424 |
Amy Klobuchar | 3419 |
Bernie Sanders | 5666 |
Andrew Yang | 5525 |
Elizabeth Warren | 4444 |
John Kasich | 2925 |
Jeb Bush | 2803 |
Rand Paul | 4434 |
Ted Cruz | 3457 |
The following candidates make it to Round 2:
Second Round:
Here are the vote counts for the second round. A candidate gets a vote if he/she has the highest number of stars in the truncated ballot. If multiple candidates get the same, highest, star count, then multiple candidates get a vote. In this sense, the second round is somewhere between Plurality and Approval.
Candidate | Votes |
---|---|
Bernie Sanders | 822 |
Andrew Yang | 798 |
And the winner is: Bernie Sanders
Did straight up Range counting produce the Condorcet winner? (That is, the winner if only two candidates were one the ballot and we were to do majority balloting based on the Range data.) Let's find out! For the table below I use the number of stars to determine preference between each pair of candidates for each voter. If a pair of candidates get the same number of stars, I treat the ballot as an abstention for that pairwise race.
Candidate | W/L/T | vs. Trump | vs. Biden | vs. Jorgensen | vs. Hawkins | vs. Gabbard | vs. Crenshaw | vs. Amash | vs. Klobuchar | vs. Sanders | vs. Yang | vs. Warren | vs. Kasich | vs. Bush | vs. Paul | vs. Cruz |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 4/10/0 | 492 to 623 | 361 to 702 | 508 to 510 | 406 to 623 | 431 to 387 | 389 to 615 | 502 to 547 | 487 to 661 | 431 to 718 | 526 to 583 | 492 to 459 | 480 to 449 | 340 to 545 | 391 to 331 | |
Joe Biden | 9/5/0 | 623 to 492 | 537 to 544 | 547 to 397 | 479 to 588 | 630 to 396 | 556 to 472 | 510 to 299 | 299 to 570 | 312 to 651 | 378 to 438 | 592 to 330 | 619 to 334 | 592 to 538 | 636 to 451 | |
Jo Jorgensen | 12/2/0 | 702 to 361 | 544 to 537 | 567 to 276 | 485 to 431 | 632 to 240 | 443 to 332 | 550 to 386 | 477 to 609 | 415 to 582 | 535 to 497 | 615 to 293 | 643 to 289 | 556 to 335 | 686 to 286 | |
Howie Hawkins | 5/9/0 | 510 to 508 | 397 to 547 | 276 to 567 | 269 to 581 | 418 to 380 | 323 to 489 | 361 to 408 | 238 to 625 | 234 to 665 | 339 to 450 | 410 to 383 | 437 to 407 | 389 to 534 | 474 to 466 | |
Tulsi Gabbard | 11/3/0 | 623 to 406 | 588 to 479 | 431 to 485 | 581 to 269 | 592 to 253 | 457 to 400 | 573 to 313 | 468 to 580 | 403 to 548 | 522 to 443 | 609 to 238 | 631 to 271 | 488 to 408 | 614 to 347 | |
Dan Crenshaw | 0/13/1 | 387 to 431 | 396 to 630 | 240 to 632 | 380 to 418 | 253 to 592 | 233 to 506 | 353 to 469 | 366 to 674 | 300 to 688 | 399 to 543 | 359 to 368 | 371 to 388 | 250 to 498 | 352 to 352 | |
Justin Amash | 8/6/0 | 615 to 389 | 472 to 556 | 332 to 443 | 489 to 323 | 400 to 457 | 506 to 233 | 442 to 408 | 430 to 613 | 370 to 590 | 455 to 510 | 494 to 281 | 536 to 294 | 463 to 335 | 585 to 305 | |
Amy Klobuchar | 6/8/0 | 547 to 502 | 299 to 510 | 386 to 550 | 408 to 361 | 313 to 573 | 469 to 353 | 408 to 442 | 259 to 627 | 203 to 679 | 280 to 467 | 440 to 288 | 482 to 334 | 442 to 525 | 518 to 447 | |
Bernie Sanders | 14/0/0 | 661 to 487 | 570 to 299 | 609 to 477 | 625 to 238 | 580 to 468 | 674 to 366 | 613 to 430 | 627 to 259 | 469 to 445 | 545 to 220 | 656 to 306 | 668 to 326 | 619 to 495 | 669 to 437 | |
Andrew Yang | 13/1/0 | 718 to 431 | 651 to 312 | 582 to 415 | 665 to 234 | 548 to 403 | 688 to 300 | 590 to 370 | 679 to 203 | 445 to 469 | 568 to 300 | 717 to 217 | 721 to 251 | 606 to 425 | 693 to 381 | |
Elizabeth Warren | 10/4/0 | 583 to 526 | 438 to 378 | 497 to 535 | 450 to 339 | 443 to 522 | 543 to 399 | 510 to 455 | 467 to 280 | 220 to 545 | 300 to 568 | 521 to 303 | 544 to 359 | 529 to 527 | 573 to 480 | |
John Kasich | 3/11/0 | 459 to 492 | 330 to 592 | 293 to 615 | 383 to 410 | 238 to 609 | 368 to 359 | 281 to 494 | 288 to 440 | 306 to 656 | 217 to 717 | 303 to 521 | 339 to 271 | 325 to 499 | 423 to 407 | |
Jeb Bush | 1/13/0 | 449 to 480 | 334 to 619 | 289 to 643 | 407 to 437 | 271 to 631 | 388 to 371 | 294 to 536 | 334 to 482 | 326 to 668 | 251 to 721 | 359 to 544 | 271 to 339 | 286 to 495 | 387 to 391 | |
Rand Paul | 7/7/0 | 545 to 340 | 538 to 592 | 335 to 556 | 534 to 389 | 408 to 488 | 498 to 250 | 335 to 463 | 525 to 442 | 495 to 619 | 425 to 606 | 527 to 529 | 499 to 325 | 495 to 286 | 516 to 212 | |
Ted Cruz | 1/12/1 | 331 to 391 | 451 to 636 | 286 to 686 | 466 to 474 | 347 to 614 | 352 to 352 | 305 to 585 | 447 to 518 | 437 to 669 | 381 to 693 | 480 to 573 | 407 to 423 | 391 to 387 | 212 to 516 |
And the Condorcet winner is: Bernie Sanders.
Many people worry that with Range Voting people will game the system by Bullet Voting: giving their favorite candidate ten stars and everyone else a zero. (This is one justification for Range with Runoff: it gives more incentives to opine on all the viable candidates.)
Another possibility is that people could give 10s to multiple favorites and zeroes to the rest (min/max strategy). In this case Range degenerates to Approval.
So, will people Bullet Vote? Will they simply do an Approval Vote? To get an idea I have generated a histogram table of the number of ballots that include each of the number of stars. Note that it is possible to have more instances of a number of stars than there are ballots, as the total number of instances is the number of ballots times the number of candidates.
Percentages are percentages of possible instances.
Number of Stars | Number of Instances | Percent |
---|---|---|
0 | 6785 | 35.70% |
1 | 1519 | 7.99% |
2 | 1333 | 7.01% |
3 | 1478 | 7.78% |
4 | 1345 | 7.08% |
5 | 1590 | 8.37% |
6 | 1048 | 5.51% |
7 | 1038 | 5.46% |
8 | 947 | 4.98% |
9 | 733 | 3.86% |
10 | 1189 | 6.26% |
Now let's break down the above by candidate:
Candidate \ N Stars | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 613 | 53 | 57 | 67 | 49 | 65 | 46 | 56 | 52 | 41 | 168 |
Joe Biden | 417 | 99 | 74 | 94 | 106 | 100 | 96 | 109 | 70 | 41 | 61 |
Jo Jorgensen | 326 | 109 | 95 | 117 | 96 | 119 | 53 | 68 | 60 | 67 | 157 |
Howie Hawkins | 511 | 124 | 96 | 101 | 86 | 105 | 64 | 48 | 49 | 27 | 56 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 334 | 81 | 91 | 123 | 130 | 152 | 112 | 104 | 61 | 39 | 40 |
Dan Crenshaw | 546 | 120 | 99 | 109 | 75 | 107 | 54 | 57 | 44 | 29 | 27 |
Justin Amash | 423 | 100 | 91 | 106 | 87 | 116 | 54 | 48 | 62 | 60 | 120 |
Amy Klobuchar | 478 | 98 | 89 | 136 | 102 | 128 | 91 | 68 | 44 | 17 | 16 |
Bernie Sanders | 391 | 69 | 74 | 65 | 60 | 64 | 53 | 83 | 91 | 103 | 214 |
Andrew Yang | 284 | 76 | 87 | 91 | 106 | 131 | 100 | 101 | 108 | 78 | 105 |
Elizabeth Warren | 461 | 98 | 83 | 64 | 81 | 69 | 81 | 67 | 91 | 84 | 88 |
John Kasich | 530 | 107 | 107 | 122 | 109 | 133 | 65 | 43 | 27 | 10 | 14 |
Jeb Bush | 501 | 145 | 124 | 138 | 115 | 109 | 48 | 35 | 25 | 12 | 15 |
Rand Paul | 416 | 114 | 91 | 84 | 71 | 98 | 77 | 86 | 90 | 72 | 68 |
Ted Cruz | 554 | 126 | 75 | 61 | 72 | 94 | 54 | 65 | 73 | 53 | 40 |
Number of bullet votes: 31 (2.45%).
Number of "approval" votes: 17 (1%).
Use the form below to look at the results for other parties or to toggle the inclusion of test runs.