Tally for votes by US Citizens.
This page includes not only the basic tallies for each voting system, as if each respective system were in use, it also includes some extra stats:
Plurality vote totals:
Candidate | Number of Votes |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 211 |
Joe Biden | 227 |
Jo Jorgensen | 183 |
Howie Hawkins | 26 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 27 |
Dan Crenshaw | 12 |
Justin Amash | 49 |
Amy Klobuchar | 11 |
Bernie Sanders | 161 |
Andrew Yang | 45 |
Elizabeth Warren | 31 |
John Kasich | 13 |
Jeb Bush | 6 |
Rand Paul | 30 |
Ted Cruz | 16 |
TOTAL: | 1048 |
The winner is Joe Biden with 21.7% of the vote
Approval vote totals:
Candidate | Number of Votes |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 305 |
Joe Biden | 409 |
Jo Jorgensen | 393 |
Howie Hawkins | 176 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 314 |
Dan Crenshaw | 136 |
Justin Amash | 298 |
Amy Klobuchar | 183 |
Bernie Sanders | 452 |
Andrew Yang | 440 |
Elizabeth Warren | 344 |
John Kasich | 135 |
Jeb Bush | 101 |
Rand Paul | 337 |
Ted Cruz | 208 |
Ballots Cast: | 1048 |
The winner is Bernie Sanders with 43.1% of the vote
Instant Runoff required 14 rounds:
Round 1:
Donald Trump | 186 |
Joe Biden | 85 |
Jo Jorgensen | 158 |
Howie Hawkins | 39 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 26 |
Dan Crenshaw | 16 |
Justin Amash | 79 |
Amy Klobuchar | 14 |
Bernie Sanders | 206 |
Andrew Yang | 81 |
Elizabeth Warren | 65 |
John Kasich | 18 |
Jeb Bush | 6 |
Rand Paul | 42 |
Ted Cruz | 27 |
Jeb Bush eliminated in this round.
Round 2:
Donald Trump | 186 |
Joe Biden | 85 |
Jo Jorgensen | 158 |
Howie Hawkins | 39 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 26 |
Dan Crenshaw | 16 |
Justin Amash | 80 |
Amy Klobuchar | 14 |
Bernie Sanders | 207 |
Andrew Yang | 81 |
Elizabeth Warren | 65 |
John Kasich | 19 |
Rand Paul | 42 |
Ted Cruz | 30 |
Amy Klobuchar eliminated in this round.
Round 3:
Donald Trump | 186 |
Joe Biden | 92 |
Jo Jorgensen | 159 |
Howie Hawkins | 41 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 26 |
Dan Crenshaw | 16 |
Justin Amash | 80 |
Bernie Sanders | 208 |
Andrew Yang | 82 |
Elizabeth Warren | 66 |
John Kasich | 20 |
Rand Paul | 42 |
Ted Cruz | 30 |
Dan Crenshaw eliminated in this round.
Round 4:
Donald Trump | 187 |
Joe Biden | 93 |
Jo Jorgensen | 163 |
Howie Hawkins | 41 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 29 |
Justin Amash | 80 |
Bernie Sanders | 208 |
Andrew Yang | 83 |
Elizabeth Warren | 66 |
John Kasich | 20 |
Rand Paul | 44 |
Ted Cruz | 34 |
John Kasich eliminated in this round.
Round 5:
Donald Trump | 188 |
Joe Biden | 97 |
Jo Jorgensen | 163 |
Howie Hawkins | 41 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 33 |
Justin Amash | 81 |
Bernie Sanders | 210 |
Andrew Yang | 85 |
Elizabeth Warren | 68 |
Rand Paul | 47 |
Ted Cruz | 35 |
Tulsi Gabbard eliminated in this round.
Round 6:
Donald Trump | 190 |
Joe Biden | 101 |
Jo Jorgensen | 171 |
Howie Hawkins | 42 |
Justin Amash | 88 |
Bernie Sanders | 213 |
Andrew Yang | 89 |
Elizabeth Warren | 69 |
Rand Paul | 50 |
Ted Cruz | 35 |
Ted Cruz eliminated in this round.
Round 7:
Donald Trump | 204 |
Joe Biden | 103 |
Jo Jorgensen | 174 |
Howie Hawkins | 43 |
Justin Amash | 88 |
Bernie Sanders | 214 |
Andrew Yang | 89 |
Elizabeth Warren | 69 |
Rand Paul | 64 |
Howie Hawkins eliminated in this round.
Round 8:
Donald Trump | 204 |
Joe Biden | 109 |
Jo Jorgensen | 176 |
Justin Amash | 88 |
Bernie Sanders | 244 |
Andrew Yang | 92 |
Elizabeth Warren | 71 |
Rand Paul | 64 |
Rand Paul eliminated in this round.
Round 9:
Donald Trump | 225 |
Joe Biden | 109 |
Jo Jorgensen | 191 |
Justin Amash | 110 |
Bernie Sanders | 245 |
Andrew Yang | 96 |
Elizabeth Warren | 72 |
Elizabeth Warren eliminated in this round.
Round 10:
Donald Trump | 225 |
Joe Biden | 126 |
Jo Jorgensen | 195 |
Justin Amash | 111 |
Bernie Sanders | 282 |
Andrew Yang | 109 |
Andrew Yang eliminated in this round.
Round 11:
Donald Trump | 229 |
Joe Biden | 147 |
Jo Jorgensen | 211 |
Justin Amash | 125 |
Bernie Sanders | 336 |
Justin Amash eliminated in this round.
Round 12:
Donald Trump | 238 |
Joe Biden | 155 |
Jo Jorgensen | 312 |
Bernie Sanders | 343 |
Joe Biden eliminated in this round.
Round 13:
Donald Trump | 245 |
Jo Jorgensen | 350 |
Bernie Sanders | 453 |
Donald Trump eliminated in this round.
Round 14:
Jo Jorgensen | 543 |
Bernie Sanders | 505 |
And the winner is: Jo Jorgensen
Candidate | W/L/T | vs. Trump | vs. Biden | vs. Jorgensen | vs. Hawkins | vs. Gabbard | vs. Crenshaw | vs. Amash | vs. Klobuchar | vs. Sanders | vs. Yang | vs. Warren | vs. Kasich | vs. Bush | vs. Paul | vs. Cruz |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 0/14/0 | 452 to 596 | 276 to 772 | 420 to 628 | 332 to 716 | 376 to 672 | 299 to 749 | 418 to 630 | 432 to 616 | 360 to 688 | 447 to 601 | 406 to 642 | 403 to 645 | 282 to 766 | 373 to 675 | |
Joe Biden | 6/8/0 | 596 to 452 | 457 to 591 | 518 to 530 | 447 to 601 | 558 to 490 | 504 to 544 | 545 to 503 | 423 to 625 | 321 to 727 | 458 to 590 | 550 to 498 | 563 to 485 | 522 to 526 | 573 to 475 | |
Jo Jorgensen | 13/1/0 | 772 to 276 | 591 to 457 | 679 to 369 | 592 to 456 | 736 to 312 | 638 to 410 | 625 to 423 | 543 to 505 | 520 to 528 | 583 to 465 | 715 to 333 | 751 to 297 | 712 to 336 | 760 to 288 | |
Howie Hawkins | 9/5/0 | 628 to 420 | 530 to 518 | 369 to 679 | 418 to 630 | 585 to 463 | 504 to 544 | 541 to 507 | 448 to 600 | 375 to 673 | 538 to 510 | 561 to 487 | 589 to 459 | 535 to 513 | 607 to 441 | |
Tulsi Gabbard | 12/1/1 | 716 to 332 | 601 to 447 | 456 to 592 | 630 to 418 | 728 to 320 | 620 to 428 | 705 to 343 | 541 to 507 | 524 to 524 | 618 to 430 | 752 to 296 | 762 to 286 | 626 to 422 | 715 to 333 | |
Dan Crenshaw | 4/10/0 | 672 to 376 | 490 to 558 | 312 to 736 | 463 to 585 | 320 to 728 | 425 to 623 | 515 to 533 | 443 to 605 | 393 to 655 | 506 to 542 | 556 to 492 | 587 to 461 | 475 to 573 | 629 to 419 | |
Justin Amash | 10/4/0 | 749 to 299 | 544 to 504 | 410 to 638 | 544 to 504 | 428 to 620 | 623 to 425 | 576 to 472 | 506 to 542 | 478 to 570 | 546 to 502 | 693 to 355 | 735 to 313 | 680 to 368 | 754 to 294 | |
Amy Klobuchar | 6/7/1 | 630 to 418 | 503 to 545 | 423 to 625 | 507 to 541 | 343 to 705 | 533 to 515 | 472 to 576 | 460 to 588 | 339 to 709 | 524 to 524 | 641 to 407 | 646 to 402 | 559 to 489 | 633 to 415 | |
Bernie Sanders | 11/3/0 | 616 to 432 | 625 to 423 | 505 to 543 | 600 to 448 | 507 to 541 | 605 to 443 | 542 to 506 | 588 to 460 | 477 to 571 | 622 to 426 | 637 to 411 | 638 to 410 | 582 to 466 | 627 to 421 | |
Andrew Yang | 13/0/1 | 688 to 360 | 727 to 321 | 528 to 520 | 673 to 375 | 524 to 524 | 655 to 393 | 570 to 478 | 709 to 339 | 571 to 477 | 704 to 344 | 766 to 282 | 760 to 288 | 643 to 405 | 709 to 339 | |
Elizabeth Warren | 7/6/1 | 601 to 447 | 590 to 458 | 465 to 583 | 510 to 538 | 430 to 618 | 542 to 506 | 502 to 546 | 524 to 524 | 426 to 622 | 344 to 704 | 599 to 449 | 620 to 428 | 553 to 495 | 609 to 439 | |
John Kasich | 4/10/0 | 642 to 406 | 498 to 550 | 333 to 715 | 487 to 561 | 296 to 752 | 492 to 556 | 355 to 693 | 407 to 641 | 411 to 637 | 282 to 766 | 449 to 599 | 666 to 382 | 529 to 519 | 659 to 389 | |
Jeb Bush | 2/12/0 | 645 to 403 | 485 to 563 | 297 to 751 | 459 to 589 | 286 to 762 | 461 to 587 | 313 to 735 | 402 to 646 | 410 to 638 | 288 to 760 | 428 to 620 | 382 to 666 | 467 to 581 | 631 to 417 | |
Rand Paul | 5/9/0 | 766 to 282 | 526 to 522 | 336 to 712 | 513 to 535 | 422 to 626 | 573 to 475 | 368 to 680 | 489 to 559 | 466 to 582 | 405 to 643 | 495 to 553 | 519 to 529 | 581 to 467 | 784 to 264 | |
Ted Cruz | 1/13/0 | 675 to 373 | 475 to 573 | 288 to 760 | 441 to 607 | 333 to 715 | 419 to 629 | 294 to 754 | 415 to 633 | 421 to 627 | 339 to 709 | 439 to 609 | 389 to 659 | 417 to 631 | 264 to 784 |
We have a tie! No candidate won every head to head contest.
Here is the straight up count using the Range ballots. Candidate with the highest number of total stars wins.
Candidate | Total Stars | Average Stars |
---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 3074 | 2.9 |
Joe Biden | 3626 | 3.5 |
Jo Jorgensen | 4441 | 4.2 |
Howie Hawkins | 2725 | 2.6 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 3840 | 3.7 |
Dan Crenshaw | 2513 | 2.4 |
Justin Amash | 3804 | 3.6 |
Amy Klobuchar | 2809 | 2.7 |
Bernie Sanders | 4719 | 4.5 |
Andrew Yang | 4800 | 4.6 |
Elizabeth Warren | 3810 | 3.6 |
John Kasich | 2379 | 2.3 |
Jeb Bush | 2188 | 2.1 |
Rand Paul | 3758 | 3.6 |
Ted Cruz | 2724 | 2.6 |
And the winner is: Andrew Yang
Another possible way to use range ballots is to pick the top two candidates based on the number of stars and then do a runoff round using simple majority voting. (Or more than two if there is a tie for second place.) For the second round we count ballots where the top two candidates have the same number of stars as both being approved -- which has no impact except for a special case. ( If there are more than two candidates in the second round, 2 candidates might have more than the third making the tie meaningful.)
The idea behind Range with Runoff is to encourage people to express preferences between all candidates so that their vote counts in the second round. (Since this was not in the instructions for this simulation, doing a Range with Runoff count here is not a great test of the concept!)
Range with Runoff as per this experiment is similar to Star Voting, only with more possible stars.
First Round:
For the first round, we count just as in Range Voting, but we are interested in the top two candidates. If there is a tie for second place in this round, then we take the top candidate and all second place candidates to the second round.
Candidate | Number of Stars |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 3074 |
Joe Biden | 3626 |
Jo Jorgensen | 4441 |
Howie Hawkins | 2725 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 3840 |
Dan Crenshaw | 2513 |
Justin Amash | 3804 |
Amy Klobuchar | 2809 |
Bernie Sanders | 4719 |
Andrew Yang | 4800 |
Elizabeth Warren | 3810 |
John Kasich | 2379 |
Jeb Bush | 2188 |
Rand Paul | 3758 |
Ted Cruz | 2724 |
The following candidates make it to Round 2:
Second Round:
Here are the vote counts for the second round. A candidate gets a vote if he/she has the highest number of stars in the truncated ballot. If multiple candidates get the same, highest, star count, then multiple candidates get a vote. In this sense, the second round is somewhere between Plurality and Approval.
Candidate | Votes |
---|---|
Andrew Yang | 683 |
Bernie Sanders | 657 |
And the winner is: Andrew Yang
Did straight up Range counting produce the Condorcet winner? (That is, the winner if only two candidates were one the ballot and we were to do majority balloting based on the Range data.) Let's find out! For the table below I use the number of stars to determine preference between each pair of candidates for each voter. If a pair of candidates get the same number of stars, I treat the ballot as an abstention for that pairwise race.
Candidate | W/L/T | vs. Trump | vs. Biden | vs. Jorgensen | vs. Hawkins | vs. Gabbard | vs. Crenshaw | vs. Amash | vs. Klobuchar | vs. Sanders | vs. Yang | vs. Warren | vs. Kasich | vs. Bush | vs. Paul | vs. Cruz |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 1/13/0 | 386 to 531 | 255 to 624 | 395 to 433 | 301 to 547 | 319 to 327 | 279 to 543 | 390 to 466 | 389 to 560 | 324 to 628 | 406 to 504 | 381 to 392 | 375 to 384 | 237 to 482 | 295 to 281 | |
Joe Biden | 9/5/0 | 531 to 386 | 443 to 468 | 463 to 320 | 392 to 499 | 531 to 329 | 465 to 397 | 428 to 227 | 244 to 461 | 237 to 560 | 293 to 364 | 495 to 261 | 519 to 261 | 492 to 457 | 534 to 364 | |
Jo Jorgensen | 12/2/0 | 624 to 255 | 468 to 443 | 506 to 223 | 434 to 359 | 564 to 182 | 383 to 275 | 484 to 328 | 422 to 495 | 364 to 498 | 461 to 427 | 537 to 236 | 568 to 217 | 489 to 263 | 609 to 203 | |
Howie Hawkins | 5/9/0 | 433 to 395 | 320 to 463 | 223 to 506 | 215 to 509 | 351 to 316 | 262 to 425 | 303 to 352 | 199 to 513 | 179 to 580 | 273 to 395 | 333 to 324 | 365 to 331 | 320 to 457 | 396 to 370 | |
Tulsi Gabbard | 11/3/0 | 547 to 301 | 499 to 392 | 359 to 434 | 509 to 215 | 510 to 204 | 386 to 350 | 490 to 260 | 404 to 476 | 338 to 472 | 445 to 384 | 523 to 198 | 550 to 203 | 412 to 349 | 535 to 266 | |
Dan Crenshaw | 2/12/0 | 327 to 319 | 329 to 531 | 182 to 564 | 316 to 351 | 204 to 510 | 184 to 442 | 295 to 401 | 313 to 561 | 247 to 595 | 330 to 478 | 296 to 317 | 310 to 323 | 193 to 428 | 295 to 268 | |
Justin Amash | 8/6/0 | 543 to 279 | 397 to 465 | 275 to 383 | 425 to 262 | 350 to 386 | 442 to 184 | 379 to 349 | 372 to 510 | 316 to 511 | 384 to 446 | 422 to 230 | 469 to 225 | 399 to 275 | 507 to 222 | |
Amy Klobuchar | 6/8/0 | 466 to 390 | 227 to 428 | 328 to 484 | 352 to 303 | 260 to 490 | 401 to 295 | 349 to 379 | 214 to 516 | 160 to 595 | 224 to 407 | 367 to 236 | 415 to 262 | 375 to 454 | 441 to 357 | |
Bernie Sanders | 13/1/0 | 560 to 389 | 461 to 244 | 495 to 422 | 513 to 199 | 476 to 404 | 561 to 313 | 510 to 372 | 516 to 214 | 365 to 391 | 431 to 182 | 543 to 251 | 564 to 263 | 516 to 430 | 567 to 355 | |
Andrew Yang | 14/0/0 | 628 to 324 | 560 to 237 | 498 to 364 | 580 to 179 | 472 to 338 | 595 to 247 | 511 to 316 | 595 to 160 | 391 to 365 | 485 to 244 | 620 to 175 | 637 to 190 | 518 to 366 | 604 to 294 | |
Elizabeth Warren | 10/4/0 | 504 to 406 | 364 to 293 | 427 to 461 | 395 to 273 | 384 to 445 | 478 to 330 | 446 to 384 | 407 to 224 | 182 to 431 | 244 to 485 | 449 to 240 | 477 to 277 | 456 to 450 | 494 to 379 | |
John Kasich | 4/10/0 | 392 to 381 | 261 to 495 | 236 to 537 | 324 to 333 | 198 to 523 | 317 to 296 | 230 to 422 | 236 to 367 | 251 to 543 | 175 to 620 | 240 to 449 | 297 to 206 | 279 to 431 | 358 to 324 | |
Jeb Bush | 3/11/0 | 384 to 375 | 261 to 519 | 217 to 568 | 331 to 365 | 203 to 550 | 323 to 310 | 225 to 469 | 262 to 415 | 263 to 564 | 190 to 637 | 277 to 477 | 206 to 297 | 227 to 437 | 325 to 319 | |
Rand Paul | 7/7/0 | 482 to 237 | 457 to 492 | 263 to 489 | 457 to 320 | 349 to 412 | 428 to 193 | 275 to 399 | 454 to 375 | 430 to 516 | 366 to 518 | 450 to 456 | 431 to 279 | 437 to 227 | 451 to 143 | |
Ted Cruz | 0/14/0 | 281 to 295 | 364 to 534 | 203 to 609 | 370 to 396 | 266 to 535 | 268 to 295 | 222 to 507 | 357 to 441 | 355 to 567 | 294 to 604 | 379 to 494 | 324 to 358 | 319 to 325 | 143 to 451 |
And the Condorcet winner is: Andrew Yang.
Many people worry that with Range Voting people will game the system by Bullet Voting: giving their favorite candidate ten stars and everyone else a zero. (This is one justification for Range with Runoff: it gives more incentives to opine on all the viable candidates.)
Another possibility is that people could give 10s to multiple favorites and zeroes to the rest (min/max strategy). In this case Range degenerates to Approval.
So, will people Bullet Vote? Will they simply do an Approval Vote? To get an idea I have generated a histogram table of the number of ballots that include each of the number of stars. Note that it is possible to have more instances of a number of stars than there are ballots, as the total number of instances is the number of ballots times the number of candidates.
Percentages are percentages of possible instances.
Number of Stars | Number of Instances | Percent |
---|---|---|
0 | 5799 | 36.89% |
1 | 1220 | 7.76% |
2 | 1032 | 6.56% |
3 | 1151 | 7.32% |
4 | 1036 | 6.59% |
5 | 1235 | 7.86% |
6 | 861 | 5.48% |
7 | 872 | 5.55% |
8 | 810 | 5.15% |
9 | 636 | 4.05% |
10 | 1068 | 6.79% |
Now let's break down the above by candidate:
Candidate \ N Stars | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 542 | 46 | 43 | 55 | 37 | 48 | 39 | 41 | 36 | 30 | 131 |
Joe Biden | 351 | 78 | 59 | 70 | 85 | 84 | 78 | 93 | 64 | 31 | 55 |
Jo Jorgensen | 262 | 85 | 76 | 93 | 70 | 91 | 42 | 59 | 55 | 65 | 150 |
Howie Hawkins | 449 | 99 | 73 | 78 | 71 | 83 | 47 | 38 | 39 | 23 | 48 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 271 | 66 | 75 | 103 | 100 | 121 | 100 | 91 | 52 | 33 | 36 |
Dan Crenshaw | 470 | 97 | 81 | 79 | 59 | 84 | 43 | 49 | 39 | 22 | 25 |
Justin Amash | 358 | 83 | 68 | 78 | 59 | 89 | 43 | 41 | 53 | 59 | 117 |
Amy Klobuchar | 410 | 77 | 72 | 105 | 84 | 102 | 71 | 59 | 38 | 16 | 14 |
Bernie Sanders | 335 | 55 | 59 | 49 | 48 | 45 | 41 | 60 | 79 | 86 | 191 |
Andrew Yang | 229 | 62 | 62 | 70 | 75 | 101 | 87 | 93 | 95 | 74 | 100 |
Elizabeth Warren | 395 | 73 | 60 | 43 | 60 | 50 | 63 | 59 | 82 | 79 | 84 |
John Kasich | 456 | 81 | 82 | 99 | 92 | 109 | 55 | 32 | 21 | 8 | 13 |
Jeb Bush | 433 | 124 | 97 | 118 | 92 | 84 | 38 | 27 | 15 | 9 | 11 |
Rand Paul | 350 | 94 | 64 | 66 | 51 | 71 | 72 | 78 | 79 | 61 | 62 |
Ted Cruz | 488 | 100 | 61 | 45 | 53 | 73 | 42 | 52 | 63 | 40 | 31 |
Number of bullet votes: 25 (2.39%).
Number of "approval" votes: 14 (1%).
Use the form below to look at the results for other parties or to toggle the inclusion of test runs.