Tally for votes by US Citizens.
This page includes not only the basic tallies for each voting system, as if each respective system were in use, it also includes some extra stats:
Plurality vote totals:
Candidate | Number of Votes |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 219 |
Joe Biden | 228 |
Jo Jorgensen | 184 |
Howie Hawkins | 28 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 27 |
Dan Crenshaw | 12 |
Justin Amash | 50 |
Amy Klobuchar | 11 |
Bernie Sanders | 165 |
Andrew Yang | 47 |
Elizabeth Warren | 31 |
John Kasich | 13 |
Jeb Bush | 6 |
Rand Paul | 30 |
Ted Cruz | 17 |
TOTAL: | 1068 |
The winner is Joe Biden with 21.3% of the vote
Approval vote totals:
Candidate | Number of Votes |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 315 |
Joe Biden | 412 |
Jo Jorgensen | 398 |
Howie Hawkins | 183 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 317 |
Dan Crenshaw | 139 |
Justin Amash | 302 |
Amy Klobuchar | 186 |
Bernie Sanders | 459 |
Andrew Yang | 445 |
Elizabeth Warren | 346 |
John Kasich | 138 |
Jeb Bush | 103 |
Rand Paul | 342 |
Ted Cruz | 214 |
Ballots Cast: | 1068 |
The winner is Bernie Sanders with 43.0% of the vote
Instant Runoff required 13 rounds:
Round 1:
Donald Trump | 194 |
Joe Biden | 85 |
Jo Jorgensen | 159 |
Howie Hawkins | 41 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 26 |
Dan Crenshaw | 16 |
Justin Amash | 80 |
Amy Klobuchar | 14 |
Bernie Sanders | 210 |
Andrew Yang | 84 |
Elizabeth Warren | 65 |
John Kasich | 18 |
Jeb Bush | 6 |
Rand Paul | 42 |
Ted Cruz | 28 |
Jeb Bush eliminated in this round.
Round 2:
Donald Trump | 194 |
Joe Biden | 85 |
Jo Jorgensen | 159 |
Howie Hawkins | 41 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 26 |
Dan Crenshaw | 16 |
Justin Amash | 81 |
Amy Klobuchar | 14 |
Bernie Sanders | 211 |
Andrew Yang | 84 |
Elizabeth Warren | 65 |
John Kasich | 19 |
Rand Paul | 42 |
Ted Cruz | 31 |
Amy Klobuchar eliminated in this round.
Round 3:
Donald Trump | 194 |
Joe Biden | 92 |
Jo Jorgensen | 160 |
Howie Hawkins | 43 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 26 |
Dan Crenshaw | 16 |
Justin Amash | 81 |
Bernie Sanders | 212 |
Andrew Yang | 85 |
Elizabeth Warren | 66 |
John Kasich | 20 |
Rand Paul | 42 |
Ted Cruz | 31 |
Dan Crenshaw eliminated in this round.
Round 4:
Donald Trump | 195 |
Joe Biden | 93 |
Jo Jorgensen | 164 |
Howie Hawkins | 43 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 29 |
Justin Amash | 81 |
Bernie Sanders | 212 |
Andrew Yang | 86 |
Elizabeth Warren | 66 |
John Kasich | 20 |
Rand Paul | 44 |
Ted Cruz | 35 |
John Kasich eliminated in this round.
Round 5:
Donald Trump | 196 |
Joe Biden | 97 |
Jo Jorgensen | 164 |
Howie Hawkins | 43 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 33 |
Justin Amash | 82 |
Bernie Sanders | 214 |
Andrew Yang | 88 |
Elizabeth Warren | 68 |
Rand Paul | 47 |
Ted Cruz | 36 |
Tulsi Gabbard eliminated in this round.
Round 6:
Donald Trump | 198 |
Joe Biden | 101 |
Jo Jorgensen | 172 |
Howie Hawkins | 44 |
Justin Amash | 89 |
Bernie Sanders | 217 |
Andrew Yang | 92 |
Elizabeth Warren | 69 |
Rand Paul | 50 |
Ted Cruz | 36 |
Ted Cruz eliminated in this round.
Round 7:
Donald Trump | 213 |
Joe Biden | 103 |
Jo Jorgensen | 175 |
Howie Hawkins | 45 |
Justin Amash | 89 |
Bernie Sanders | 218 |
Andrew Yang | 92 |
Elizabeth Warren | 69 |
Rand Paul | 64 |
Howie Hawkins eliminated in this round.
Round 8:
Donald Trump | 213 |
Joe Biden | 109 |
Jo Jorgensen | 177 |
Justin Amash | 89 |
Bernie Sanders | 250 |
Andrew Yang | 95 |
Elizabeth Warren | 71 |
Rand Paul | 64 |
Rand Paul eliminated in this round.
Round 9:
Donald Trump | 234 |
Joe Biden | 109 |
Jo Jorgensen | 192 |
Justin Amash | 111 |
Bernie Sanders | 251 |
Andrew Yang | 99 |
Elizabeth Warren | 72 |
Elizabeth Warren eliminated in this round.
Round 10:
Donald Trump | 234 |
Joe Biden | 126 |
Jo Jorgensen | 196 |
Justin Amash | 112 |
Bernie Sanders | 288 |
Andrew Yang | 112 |
Eliminated in this round:
Round 11:
Donald Trump | 247 |
Joe Biden | 156 |
Jo Jorgensen | 315 |
Bernie Sanders | 350 |
Joe Biden eliminated in this round.
Round 12:
Donald Trump | 254 |
Jo Jorgensen | 354 |
Bernie Sanders | 460 |
Donald Trump eliminated in this round.
Round 13:
Jo Jorgensen | 554 |
Bernie Sanders | 514 |
And the winner is: Jo Jorgensen
Candidate | W/L/T | vs. Trump | vs. Biden | vs. Jorgensen | vs. Hawkins | vs. Gabbard | vs. Crenshaw | vs. Amash | vs. Klobuchar | vs. Sanders | vs. Yang | vs. Warren | vs. Kasich | vs. Bush | vs. Paul | vs. Cruz |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 0/14/0 | 465 to 603 | 285 to 783 | 431 to 637 | 344 to 724 | 388 to 680 | 310 to 758 | 429 to 639 | 444 to 624 | 371 to 697 | 460 to 608 | 417 to 651 | 414 to 654 | 295 to 773 | 384 to 684 | |
Joe Biden | 6/8/0 | 603 to 465 | 464 to 604 | 523 to 545 | 454 to 614 | 567 to 501 | 511 to 557 | 552 to 516 | 427 to 641 | 323 to 745 | 465 to 603 | 558 to 510 | 571 to 497 | 529 to 539 | 582 to 486 | |
Jo Jorgensen | 13/1/0 | 783 to 285 | 604 to 464 | 691 to 377 | 605 to 463 | 749 to 319 | 652 to 416 | 638 to 430 | 554 to 514 | 529 to 539 | 596 to 472 | 729 to 339 | 764 to 304 | 724 to 344 | 772 to 296 | |
Howie Hawkins | 9/5/0 | 637 to 431 | 545 to 523 | 377 to 691 | 429 to 639 | 597 to 471 | 514 to 554 | 556 to 512 | 458 to 610 | 384 to 684 | 553 to 515 | 574 to 494 | 602 to 466 | 543 to 525 | 616 to 452 | |
Tulsi Gabbard | 13/1/0 | 724 to 344 | 614 to 454 | 463 to 605 | 639 to 429 | 743 to 325 | 633 to 435 | 721 to 347 | 551 to 517 | 535 to 533 | 630 to 438 | 766 to 302 | 775 to 293 | 639 to 429 | 726 to 342 | |
Dan Crenshaw | 4/10/0 | 680 to 388 | 501 to 567 | 319 to 749 | 471 to 597 | 325 to 743 | 434 to 634 | 529 to 539 | 451 to 617 | 401 to 667 | 517 to 551 | 567 to 501 | 599 to 469 | 483 to 585 | 640 to 428 | |
Justin Amash | 10/4/0 | 758 to 310 | 557 to 511 | 416 to 652 | 554 to 514 | 435 to 633 | 634 to 434 | 590 to 478 | 516 to 552 | 486 to 582 | 559 to 509 | 706 to 362 | 748 to 320 | 691 to 377 | 765 to 303 | |
Amy Klobuchar | 7/7/0 | 639 to 429 | 516 to 552 | 430 to 638 | 512 to 556 | 347 to 721 | 539 to 529 | 478 to 590 | 469 to 599 | 347 to 721 | 539 to 529 | 652 to 416 | 659 to 409 | 569 to 499 | 644 to 424 | |
Bernie Sanders | 11/3/0 | 624 to 444 | 641 to 427 | 514 to 554 | 610 to 458 | 517 to 551 | 617 to 451 | 552 to 516 | 599 to 469 | 487 to 581 | 636 to 432 | 648 to 420 | 651 to 417 | 593 to 475 | 637 to 431 | |
Andrew Yang | 13/1/0 | 697 to 371 | 745 to 323 | 539 to 529 | 684 to 384 | 533 to 535 | 667 to 401 | 582 to 486 | 721 to 347 | 581 to 487 | 719 to 349 | 778 to 290 | 774 to 294 | 654 to 414 | 720 to 348 | |
Elizabeth Warren | 7/7/0 | 608 to 460 | 603 to 465 | 472 to 596 | 515 to 553 | 438 to 630 | 551 to 517 | 509 to 559 | 529 to 539 | 432 to 636 | 349 to 719 | 605 to 463 | 626 to 442 | 562 to 506 | 618 to 450 | |
John Kasich | 4/10/0 | 651 to 417 | 510 to 558 | 339 to 729 | 494 to 574 | 302 to 766 | 501 to 567 | 362 to 706 | 416 to 652 | 420 to 648 | 290 to 778 | 463 to 605 | 678 to 390 | 539 to 529 | 670 to 398 | |
Jeb Bush | 2/12/0 | 654 to 414 | 497 to 571 | 304 to 764 | 466 to 602 | 293 to 775 | 469 to 599 | 320 to 748 | 409 to 659 | 417 to 651 | 294 to 774 | 442 to 626 | 390 to 678 | 477 to 591 | 641 to 427 | |
Rand Paul | 5/9/0 | 773 to 295 | 539 to 529 | 344 to 724 | 525 to 543 | 429 to 639 | 585 to 483 | 377 to 691 | 499 to 569 | 475 to 593 | 414 to 654 | 506 to 562 | 529 to 539 | 591 to 477 | 795 to 273 | |
Ted Cruz | 1/13/0 | 684 to 384 | 486 to 582 | 296 to 772 | 452 to 616 | 342 to 726 | 428 to 640 | 303 to 765 | 424 to 644 | 431 to 637 | 348 to 720 | 450 to 618 | 398 to 670 | 427 to 641 | 273 to 795 |
We have a tie! No candidate won every head to head contest.
Here is the straight up count using the Range ballots. Candidate with the highest number of total stars wins.
Candidate | Total Stars | Average Stars |
---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 3168 | 3.0 |
Joe Biden | 3652 | 3.4 |
Jo Jorgensen | 4503 | 4.2 |
Howie Hawkins | 2793 | 2.6 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 3892 | 3.6 |
Dan Crenshaw | 2561 | 2.4 |
Justin Amash | 3862 | 3.6 |
Amy Klobuchar | 2846 | 2.7 |
Bernie Sanders | 4799 | 4.5 |
Andrew Yang | 4857 | 4.5 |
Elizabeth Warren | 3845 | 3.6 |
John Kasich | 2419 | 2.3 |
Jeb Bush | 2226 | 2.1 |
Rand Paul | 3818 | 3.6 |
Ted Cruz | 2792 | 2.6 |
And the winner is: Andrew Yang
Another possible way to use range ballots is to pick the top two candidates based on the number of stars and then do a runoff round using simple majority voting. (Or more than two if there is a tie for second place.) For the second round we count ballots where the top two candidates have the same number of stars as both being approved -- which has no impact except for a special case. ( If there are more than two candidates in the second round, 2 candidates might have more than the third making the tie meaningful.)
The idea behind Range with Runoff is to encourage people to express preferences between all candidates so that their vote counts in the second round. (Since this was not in the instructions for this simulation, doing a Range with Runoff count here is not a great test of the concept!)
Range with Runoff as per this experiment is similar to Star Voting, only with more possible stars.
First Round:
For the first round, we count just as in Range Voting, but we are interested in the top two candidates. If there is a tie for second place in this round, then we take the top candidate and all second place candidates to the second round.
Candidate | Number of Stars |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 3168 |
Joe Biden | 3652 |
Jo Jorgensen | 4503 |
Howie Hawkins | 2793 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 3892 |
Dan Crenshaw | 2561 |
Justin Amash | 3862 |
Amy Klobuchar | 2846 |
Bernie Sanders | 4799 |
Andrew Yang | 4857 |
Elizabeth Warren | 3845 |
John Kasich | 2419 |
Jeb Bush | 2226 |
Rand Paul | 3818 |
Ted Cruz | 2792 |
The following candidates make it to Round 2:
Second Round:
Here are the vote counts for the second round. A candidate gets a vote if he/she has the highest number of stars in the truncated ballot. If multiple candidates get the same, highest, star count, then multiple candidates get a vote. In this sense, the second round is somewhere between Plurality and Approval.
Candidate | Votes |
---|---|
Andrew Yang | 694 |
Bernie Sanders | 671 |
And the winner is: Andrew Yang
Did straight up Range counting produce the Condorcet winner? (That is, the winner if only two candidates were one the ballot and we were to do majority balloting based on the Range data.) Let's find out! For the table below I use the number of stars to determine preference between each pair of candidates for each voter. If a pair of candidates get the same number of stars, I treat the ballot as an abstention for that pairwise race.
Candidate | W/L/T | vs. Trump | vs. Biden | vs. Jorgensen | vs. Hawkins | vs. Gabbard | vs. Crenshaw | vs. Amash | vs. Klobuchar | vs. Sanders | vs. Yang | vs. Warren | vs. Kasich | vs. Bush | vs. Paul | vs. Cruz |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 1/13/0 | 397 to 537 | 265 to 632 | 406 to 441 | 313 to 552 | 330 to 331 | 289 to 551 | 400 to 473 | 400 to 568 | 334 to 636 | 418 to 510 | 391 to 400 | 385 to 389 | 248 to 487 | 304 to 284 | |
Joe Biden | 9/5/0 | 537 to 397 | 450 to 477 | 467 to 330 | 398 to 506 | 539 to 335 | 471 to 405 | 432 to 234 | 246 to 472 | 239 to 571 | 298 to 371 | 500 to 269 | 525 to 268 | 500 to 466 | 542 to 372 | |
Jo Jorgensen | 12/2/0 | 632 to 265 | 477 to 450 | 512 to 228 | 438 to 363 | 571 to 188 | 389 to 278 | 492 to 332 | 429 to 504 | 369 to 505 | 469 to 432 | 546 to 240 | 576 to 222 | 495 to 268 | 616 to 211 | |
Howie Hawkins | 5/9/0 | 441 to 406 | 330 to 467 | 228 to 512 | 220 to 514 | 358 to 323 | 269 to 431 | 309 to 355 | 205 to 521 | 185 to 585 | 282 to 398 | 340 to 329 | 371 to 336 | 326 to 464 | 403 to 379 | |
Tulsi Gabbard | 11/3/0 | 552 to 313 | 506 to 398 | 363 to 438 | 514 to 220 | 518 to 208 | 391 to 354 | 496 to 264 | 410 to 485 | 342 to 479 | 451 to 390 | 530 to 203 | 557 to 209 | 417 to 354 | 540 to 275 | |
Dan Crenshaw | 2/12/0 | 331 to 330 | 335 to 539 | 188 to 571 | 323 to 358 | 208 to 518 | 190 to 448 | 303 to 405 | 319 to 571 | 252 to 603 | 335 to 482 | 303 to 323 | 318 to 327 | 199 to 435 | 300 to 275 | |
Justin Amash | 8/6/0 | 551 to 289 | 405 to 471 | 278 to 389 | 431 to 269 | 354 to 391 | 448 to 190 | 387 to 353 | 380 to 518 | 322 to 518 | 391 to 452 | 429 to 234 | 476 to 232 | 404 to 280 | 514 to 230 | |
Amy Klobuchar | 6/8/0 | 473 to 400 | 234 to 432 | 332 to 492 | 355 to 309 | 264 to 496 | 405 to 303 | 353 to 387 | 219 to 527 | 161 to 601 | 229 to 414 | 372 to 241 | 418 to 269 | 380 to 464 | 447 to 365 | |
Bernie Sanders | 13/1/0 | 568 to 400 | 472 to 246 | 504 to 429 | 521 to 205 | 485 to 410 | 571 to 319 | 518 to 380 | 527 to 219 | 374 to 397 | 444 to 185 | 554 to 257 | 576 to 268 | 525 to 437 | 577 to 362 | |
Andrew Yang | 14/0/0 | 636 to 334 | 571 to 239 | 505 to 369 | 585 to 185 | 479 to 342 | 603 to 252 | 518 to 322 | 601 to 161 | 397 to 374 | 492 to 250 | 627 to 179 | 644 to 194 | 525 to 374 | 612 to 302 | |
Elizabeth Warren | 10/4/0 | 510 to 418 | 371 to 298 | 432 to 469 | 398 to 282 | 390 to 451 | 482 to 335 | 452 to 391 | 414 to 229 | 185 to 444 | 250 to 492 | 455 to 246 | 483 to 285 | 462 to 459 | 499 to 388 | |
John Kasich | 4/10/0 | 400 to 391 | 269 to 500 | 240 to 546 | 329 to 340 | 203 to 530 | 323 to 303 | 234 to 429 | 241 to 372 | 257 to 554 | 179 to 627 | 246 to 455 | 301 to 211 | 284 to 439 | 364 to 332 | |
Jeb Bush | 3/11/0 | 389 to 385 | 268 to 525 | 222 to 576 | 336 to 371 | 209 to 557 | 327 to 318 | 232 to 476 | 269 to 418 | 268 to 576 | 194 to 644 | 285 to 483 | 211 to 301 | 233 to 444 | 331 to 327 | |
Rand Paul | 7/7/0 | 487 to 248 | 466 to 500 | 268 to 495 | 464 to 326 | 354 to 417 | 435 to 199 | 280 to 404 | 464 to 380 | 437 to 525 | 374 to 525 | 459 to 462 | 439 to 284 | 444 to 233 | 457 to 150 | |
Ted Cruz | 0/14/0 | 284 to 304 | 372 to 542 | 211 to 616 | 379 to 403 | 275 to 540 | 275 to 300 | 230 to 514 | 365 to 447 | 362 to 577 | 302 to 612 | 388 to 499 | 332 to 364 | 327 to 331 | 150 to 457 |
And the Condorcet winner is: Andrew Yang.
Many people worry that with Range Voting people will game the system by Bullet Voting: giving their favorite candidate ten stars and everyone else a zero. (This is one justification for Range with Runoff: it gives more incentives to opine on all the viable candidates.)
Another possibility is that people could give 10s to multiple favorites and zeroes to the rest (min/max strategy). In this case Range degenerates to Approval.
So, will people Bullet Vote? Will they simply do an Approval Vote? To get an idea I have generated a histogram table of the number of ballots that include each of the number of stars. Note that it is possible to have more instances of a number of stars than there are ballots, as the total number of instances is the number of ballots times the number of candidates.
Percentages are percentages of possible instances.
Number of Stars | Number of Instances | Percent |
---|---|---|
0 | 5918 | 36.94% |
1 | 1260 | 7.87% |
2 | 1050 | 6.55% |
3 | 1170 | 7.30% |
4 | 1061 | 6.62% |
5 | 1253 | 7.82% |
6 | 873 | 5.45% |
7 | 883 | 5.51% |
8 | 820 | 5.12% |
9 | 645 | 4.03% |
10 | 1087 | 6.79% |
Now let's break down the above by candidate:
Candidate \ N Stars | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 548 | 48 | 45 | 55 | 37 | 48 | 40 | 42 | 37 | 33 | 135 |
Joe Biden | 360 | 84 | 60 | 71 | 87 | 84 | 78 | 94 | 64 | 31 | 55 |
Jo Jorgensen | 270 | 87 | 76 | 94 | 72 | 93 | 44 | 60 | 55 | 65 | 152 |
Howie Hawkins | 457 | 101 | 73 | 80 | 72 | 85 | 47 | 39 | 39 | 24 | 51 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 281 | 68 | 75 | 103 | 102 | 122 | 102 | 92 | 53 | 33 | 37 |
Dan Crenshaw | 480 | 98 | 82 | 80 | 60 | 85 | 47 | 49 | 39 | 23 | 25 |
Justin Amash | 366 | 84 | 69 | 81 | 61 | 90 | 43 | 42 | 55 | 59 | 118 |
Amy Klobuchar | 419 | 80 | 73 | 109 | 85 | 102 | 71 | 59 | 40 | 16 | 14 |
Bernie Sanders | 340 | 58 | 60 | 51 | 49 | 46 | 42 | 61 | 80 | 87 | 194 |
Andrew Yang | 237 | 64 | 64 | 71 | 77 | 102 | 87 | 94 | 96 | 74 | 102 |
Elizabeth Warren | 405 | 74 | 64 | 43 | 61 | 52 | 65 | 59 | 82 | 79 | 84 |
John Kasich | 463 | 84 | 85 | 101 | 94 | 111 | 55 | 33 | 21 | 8 | 13 |
Jeb Bush | 440 | 129 | 98 | 119 | 96 | 85 | 38 | 28 | 15 | 9 | 11 |
Rand Paul | 357 | 97 | 64 | 67 | 54 | 74 | 72 | 78 | 80 | 62 | 63 |
Ted Cruz | 495 | 104 | 62 | 45 | 54 | 74 | 42 | 53 | 64 | 42 | 33 |
Number of bullet votes: 25 (2.34%).
Number of "approval" votes: 15 (1%).
Use the form below to look at the results for other parties or to toggle the inclusion of test runs.