Tally for votes by US Citizens.
This page includes not only the basic tallies for each voting system, as if each respective system were in use, it also includes some extra stats:
Plurality vote totals:
Candidate | Number of Votes |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 137 |
Joe Biden | 174 |
Jo Jorgensen | 153 |
Howie Hawkins | 15 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 18 |
Dan Crenshaw | 8 |
Justin Amash | 37 |
Amy Klobuchar | 5 |
Bernie Sanders | 96 |
Andrew Yang | 33 |
Elizabeth Warren | 21 |
John Kasich | 8 |
Jeb Bush | 4 |
Rand Paul | 22 |
Ted Cruz | 8 |
TOTAL: | 739 |
The winner is Joe Biden with 23.5% of the vote
Approval vote totals:
Candidate | Number of Votes |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 200 |
Joe Biden | 283 |
Jo Jorgensen | 317 |
Howie Hawkins | 118 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 229 |
Dan Crenshaw | 102 |
Justin Amash | 241 |
Amy Klobuchar | 128 |
Bernie Sanders | 307 |
Andrew Yang | 333 |
Elizabeth Warren | 254 |
John Kasich | 90 |
Jeb Bush | 58 |
Rand Paul | 260 |
Ted Cruz | 146 |
Ballots Cast: | 739 |
The winner is Andrew Yang with 45.1% of the vote
Instant Runoff required 14 rounds:
Round 1:
Donald Trump | 116 |
Joe Biden | 51 |
Jo Jorgensen | 130 |
Howie Hawkins | 24 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 17 |
Dan Crenshaw | 10 |
Justin Amash | 64 |
Amy Klobuchar | 8 |
Bernie Sanders | 139 |
Andrew Yang | 62 |
Elizabeth Warren | 50 |
John Kasich | 12 |
Jeb Bush | 4 |
Rand Paul | 34 |
Ted Cruz | 18 |
Jeb Bush eliminated in this round.
Round 2:
Donald Trump | 116 |
Joe Biden | 51 |
Jo Jorgensen | 130 |
Howie Hawkins | 24 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 17 |
Dan Crenshaw | 10 |
Justin Amash | 65 |
Amy Klobuchar | 8 |
Bernie Sanders | 140 |
Andrew Yang | 62 |
Elizabeth Warren | 50 |
John Kasich | 12 |
Rand Paul | 34 |
Ted Cruz | 20 |
Amy Klobuchar eliminated in this round.
Round 3:
Donald Trump | 116 |
Joe Biden | 54 |
Jo Jorgensen | 131 |
Howie Hawkins | 25 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 17 |
Dan Crenshaw | 10 |
Justin Amash | 65 |
Bernie Sanders | 141 |
Andrew Yang | 63 |
Elizabeth Warren | 51 |
John Kasich | 12 |
Rand Paul | 34 |
Ted Cruz | 20 |
Dan Crenshaw eliminated in this round.
Round 4:
Donald Trump | 116 |
Joe Biden | 54 |
Jo Jorgensen | 135 |
Howie Hawkins | 25 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 18 |
Justin Amash | 65 |
Bernie Sanders | 141 |
Andrew Yang | 64 |
Elizabeth Warren | 51 |
John Kasich | 12 |
Rand Paul | 35 |
Ted Cruz | 23 |
John Kasich eliminated in this round.
Round 5:
Donald Trump | 116 |
Joe Biden | 55 |
Jo Jorgensen | 135 |
Howie Hawkins | 25 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 20 |
Justin Amash | 66 |
Bernie Sanders | 142 |
Andrew Yang | 66 |
Elizabeth Warren | 52 |
Rand Paul | 38 |
Ted Cruz | 24 |
Tulsi Gabbard eliminated in this round.
Round 6:
Donald Trump | 116 |
Joe Biden | 55 |
Jo Jorgensen | 143 |
Howie Hawkins | 25 |
Justin Amash | 70 |
Bernie Sanders | 143 |
Andrew Yang | 70 |
Elizabeth Warren | 53 |
Rand Paul | 40 |
Ted Cruz | 24 |
Ted Cruz eliminated in this round.
Round 7:
Donald Trump | 124 |
Joe Biden | 57 |
Jo Jorgensen | 146 |
Howie Hawkins | 26 |
Justin Amash | 70 |
Bernie Sanders | 144 |
Andrew Yang | 70 |
Elizabeth Warren | 53 |
Rand Paul | 49 |
Howie Hawkins eliminated in this round.
Round 8:
Donald Trump | 124 |
Joe Biden | 59 |
Jo Jorgensen | 146 |
Justin Amash | 70 |
Bernie Sanders | 165 |
Andrew Yang | 72 |
Elizabeth Warren | 54 |
Rand Paul | 49 |
Rand Paul eliminated in this round.
Round 9:
Donald Trump | 143 |
Joe Biden | 59 |
Jo Jorgensen | 158 |
Justin Amash | 85 |
Bernie Sanders | 166 |
Andrew Yang | 74 |
Elizabeth Warren | 54 |
Elizabeth Warren eliminated in this round.
Round 10:
Donald Trump | 143 |
Joe Biden | 72 |
Jo Jorgensen | 159 |
Justin Amash | 86 |
Bernie Sanders | 196 |
Andrew Yang | 83 |
Joe Biden eliminated in this round.
Round 11:
Donald Trump | 145 |
Jo Jorgensen | 169 |
Justin Amash | 89 |
Bernie Sanders | 228 |
Andrew Yang | 108 |
Justin Amash eliminated in this round.
Round 12:
Donald Trump | 148 |
Jo Jorgensen | 243 |
Bernie Sanders | 231 |
Andrew Yang | 117 |
Andrew Yang eliminated in this round.
Round 13:
Donald Trump | 152 |
Jo Jorgensen | 272 |
Bernie Sanders | 315 |
Donald Trump eliminated in this round.
Round 14:
Jo Jorgensen | 395 |
Bernie Sanders | 344 |
And the winner is: Jo Jorgensen
Candidate | W/L/T | vs. Trump | vs. Biden | vs. Jorgensen | vs. Hawkins | vs. Gabbard | vs. Crenshaw | vs. Amash | vs. Klobuchar | vs. Sanders | vs. Yang | vs. Warren | vs. Kasich | vs. Bush | vs. Paul | vs. Cruz |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 0/14/0 | 319 to 420 | 167 to 572 | 290 to 449 | 223 to 516 | 246 to 493 | 183 to 556 | 284 to 455 | 307 to 432 | 244 to 495 | 307 to 432 | 269 to 470 | 267 to 472 | 160 to 579 | 231 to 508 | |
Joe Biden | 7/7/0 | 420 to 319 | 309 to 430 | 376 to 363 | 306 to 433 | 381 to 358 | 335 to 404 | 381 to 358 | 304 to 435 | 196 to 543 | 308 to 431 | 381 to 358 | 386 to 353 | 350 to 389 | 383 to 356 | |
Jo Jorgensen | 13/1/0 | 572 to 167 | 430 to 309 | 502 to 237 | 430 to 309 | 531 to 208 | 444 to 295 | 444 to 295 | 395 to 344 | 363 to 376 | 409 to 330 | 510 to 229 | 535 to 204 | 506 to 233 | 549 to 190 | |
Howie Hawkins | 4/10/0 | 449 to 290 | 363 to 376 | 237 to 502 | 275 to 464 | 390 to 349 | 318 to 421 | 353 to 386 | 311 to 428 | 228 to 511 | 355 to 384 | 369 to 370 | 387 to 352 | 350 to 389 | 412 to 327 | |
Tulsi Gabbard | 12/2/0 | 516 to 223 | 433 to 306 | 309 to 430 | 464 to 275 | 508 to 231 | 403 to 336 | 491 to 248 | 389 to 350 | 353 to 386 | 426 to 313 | 520 to 219 | 528 to 211 | 416 to 323 | 500 to 239 | |
Dan Crenshaw | 4/10/0 | 493 to 246 | 358 to 381 | 208 to 531 | 349 to 390 | 231 to 508 | 281 to 458 | 361 to 378 | 324 to 415 | 267 to 472 | 355 to 384 | 390 to 349 | 419 to 320 | 309 to 430 | 436 to 303 | |
Justin Amash | 11/3/0 | 556 to 183 | 404 to 335 | 295 to 444 | 421 to 318 | 336 to 403 | 458 to 281 | 416 to 323 | 376 to 363 | 333 to 406 | 391 to 348 | 491 to 248 | 524 to 215 | 479 to 260 | 545 to 194 | |
Amy Klobuchar | 7/7/0 | 455 to 284 | 358 to 381 | 295 to 444 | 386 to 353 | 248 to 491 | 378 to 361 | 323 to 416 | 328 to 411 | 206 to 533 | 364 to 375 | 445 to 294 | 446 to 293 | 372 to 367 | 435 to 304 | |
Bernie Sanders | 10/4/0 | 432 to 307 | 435 to 304 | 344 to 395 | 428 to 311 | 350 to 389 | 415 to 324 | 363 to 376 | 411 to 328 | 306 to 433 | 408 to 331 | 431 to 308 | 431 to 308 | 384 to 355 | 427 to 312 | |
Andrew Yang | 14/0/0 | 495 to 244 | 543 to 196 | 376 to 363 | 511 to 228 | 386 to 353 | 472 to 267 | 406 to 333 | 533 to 206 | 433 to 306 | 512 to 227 | 554 to 185 | 537 to 202 | 433 to 306 | 492 to 247 | |
Elizabeth Warren | 9/5/0 | 432 to 307 | 431 to 308 | 330 to 409 | 384 to 355 | 313 to 426 | 384 to 355 | 348 to 391 | 375 to 364 | 331 to 408 | 227 to 512 | 415 to 324 | 425 to 314 | 372 to 367 | 419 to 320 | |
John Kasich | 4/10/0 | 470 to 269 | 358 to 381 | 229 to 510 | 370 to 369 | 219 to 520 | 349 to 390 | 248 to 491 | 294 to 445 | 308 to 431 | 185 to 554 | 324 to 415 | 457 to 282 | 352 to 387 | 458 to 281 | |
Jeb Bush | 2/12/0 | 472 to 267 | 353 to 386 | 204 to 535 | 352 to 387 | 211 to 528 | 320 to 419 | 215 to 524 | 293 to 446 | 308 to 431 | 202 to 537 | 314 to 425 | 282 to 457 | 309 to 430 | 430 to 309 | |
Rand Paul | 7/7/0 | 579 to 160 | 389 to 350 | 233 to 506 | 389 to 350 | 323 to 416 | 430 to 309 | 260 to 479 | 367 to 372 | 355 to 384 | 306 to 433 | 367 to 372 | 387 to 352 | 430 to 309 | 571 to 168 | |
Ted Cruz | 1/13/0 | 508 to 231 | 356 to 383 | 190 to 549 | 327 to 412 | 239 to 500 | 303 to 436 | 194 to 545 | 304 to 435 | 312 to 427 | 247 to 492 | 320 to 419 | 281 to 458 | 309 to 430 | 168 to 571 |
And the Condorcet winner is: Andrew Yang.
Here is the straight up count using the Range ballots. Candidate with the highest number of total stars wins.
Candidate | Total Stars | Average Stars |
---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 2026 | 2.7 |
Joe Biden | 2505 | 3.4 |
Jo Jorgensen | 3330 | 4.5 |
Howie Hawkins | 1768 | 2.4 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 2646 | 3.6 |
Dan Crenshaw | 1730 | 2.3 |
Justin Amash | 2846 | 3.9 |
Amy Klobuchar | 1849 | 2.5 |
Bernie Sanders | 3232 | 4.4 |
Andrew Yang | 3538 | 4.8 |
Elizabeth Warren | 2780 | 3.8 |
John Kasich | 1565 | 2.1 |
Jeb Bush | 1423 | 1.9 |
Rand Paul | 2750 | 3.7 |
Ted Cruz | 1934 | 2.6 |
And the winner is: Andrew Yang
Another possible way to use range ballots is to pick the top two candidates based on the number of stars and then do a runoff round using simple majority voting. (Or more than two if there is a tie for second place.) For the second round we count ballots where the top two candidates have the same number of stars as both being approved -- which has no impact except for a special case. ( If there are more than two candidates in the second round, 2 candidates might have more than the third making the tie meaningful.)
The idea behind Range with Runoff is to encourage people to express preferences between all candidates so that their vote counts in the second round. (Since this was not in the instructions for this simulation, doing a Range with Runoff count here is not a great test of the concept!)
Range with Runoff as per this experiment is similar to Star Voting, only with more possible stars.
First Round:
For the first round, we count just as in Range Voting, but we are interested in the top two candidates. If there is a tie for second place in this round, then we take the top candidate and all second place candidates to the second round.
Candidate | Number of Stars |
---|---|
Donald Trump | 2026 |
Joe Biden | 2505 |
Jo Jorgensen | 3330 |
Howie Hawkins | 1768 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 2646 |
Dan Crenshaw | 1730 |
Justin Amash | 2846 |
Amy Klobuchar | 1849 |
Bernie Sanders | 3232 |
Andrew Yang | 3538 |
Elizabeth Warren | 2780 |
John Kasich | 1565 |
Jeb Bush | 1423 |
Rand Paul | 2750 |
Ted Cruz | 1934 |
The following candidates make it to Round 2:
Second Round:
Here are the vote counts for the second round. A candidate gets a vote if he/she has the highest number of stars in the truncated ballot. If multiple candidates get the same, highest, star count, then multiple candidates get a vote. In this sense, the second round is somewhere between Plurality and Approval.
Candidate | Votes |
---|---|
Andrew Yang | 466 |
Jo Jorgensen | 378 |
And the winner is: Andrew Yang
Did straight up Range counting produce the Condorcet winner? (That is, the winner if only two candidates were one the ballot and we were to do majority balloting based on the Range data.) Let's find out! For the table below I use the number of stars to determine preference between each pair of candidates for each voter. If a pair of candidates get the same number of stars, I treat the ballot as an abstention for that pairwise race.
Candidate | W/L/T | vs. Trump | vs. Biden | vs. Jorgensen | vs. Hawkins | vs. Gabbard | vs. Crenshaw | vs. Amash | vs. Klobuchar | vs. Sanders | vs. Yang | vs. Warren | vs. Kasich | vs. Bush | vs. Paul | vs. Cruz |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 0/14/0 | 266 to 368 | 150 to 465 | 265 to 296 | 202 to 385 | 200 to 227 | 167 to 399 | 266 to 320 | 271 to 391 | 216 to 456 | 277 to 361 | 256 to 279 | 255 to 263 | 138 to 360 | 179 to 211 | |
Joe Biden | 8/6/0 | 368 to 266 | 296 to 356 | 335 to 218 | 277 to 361 | 370 to 239 | 315 to 303 | 306 to 142 | 164 to 310 | 142 to 417 | 182 to 266 | 346 to 170 | 362 to 179 | 337 to 342 | 358 to 268 | |
Jo Jorgensen | 12/2/0 | 465 to 150 | 356 to 296 | 388 to 139 | 342 to 238 | 425 to 113 | 282 to 187 | 373 to 218 | 323 to 328 | 273 to 361 | 337 to 305 | 407 to 156 | 427 to 136 | 366 to 173 | 447 to 131 | |
Howie Hawkins | 3/11/0 | 296 to 265 | 218 to 335 | 139 to 388 | 143 to 373 | 234 to 232 | 166 to 329 | 206 to 245 | 145 to 341 | 105 to 441 | 179 to 293 | 223 to 231 | 243 to 238 | 204 to 343 | 257 to 273 | |
Tulsi Gabbard | 9/4/1 | 385 to 202 | 361 to 277 | 238 to 342 | 373 to 143 | 361 to 153 | 264 to 276 | 357 to 178 | 298 to 320 | 231 to 355 | 314 to 288 | 372 to 143 | 384 to 145 | 269 to 269 | 366 to 193 | |
Dan Crenshaw | 2/12/0 | 227 to 200 | 239 to 370 | 113 to 425 | 232 to 234 | 153 to 361 | 117 to 333 | 208 to 274 | 231 to 378 | 173 to 435 | 232 to 343 | 212 to 224 | 226 to 215 | 121 to 323 | 193 to 196 | |
Justin Amash | 9/5/0 | 399 to 167 | 303 to 315 | 187 to 282 | 329 to 166 | 276 to 264 | 333 to 117 | 295 to 231 | 286 to 341 | 237 to 367 | 289 to 321 | 318 to 152 | 353 to 137 | 294 to 188 | 369 to 143 | |
Amy Klobuchar | 6/8/0 | 320 to 266 | 142 to 306 | 218 to 373 | 245 to 206 | 178 to 357 | 274 to 208 | 231 to 295 | 144 to 349 | 89 to 450 | 136 to 313 | 252 to 162 | 279 to 181 | 253 to 348 | 291 to 261 | |
Bernie Sanders | 13/1/0 | 391 to 271 | 310 to 164 | 328 to 323 | 341 to 145 | 320 to 298 | 378 to 231 | 341 to 286 | 349 to 144 | 230 to 299 | 266 to 138 | 364 to 169 | 384 to 184 | 347 to 323 | 385 to 262 | |
Andrew Yang | 14/0/0 | 456 to 216 | 417 to 142 | 361 to 273 | 441 to 105 | 355 to 231 | 435 to 173 | 367 to 237 | 450 to 89 | 299 to 230 | 356 to 161 | 457 to 105 | 465 to 118 | 370 to 271 | 430 to 212 | |
Elizabeth Warren | 9/5/0 | 361 to 277 | 266 to 182 | 305 to 337 | 293 to 179 | 288 to 314 | 343 to 232 | 321 to 289 | 313 to 136 | 138 to 266 | 161 to 356 | 324 to 155 | 343 to 182 | 325 to 334 | 349 to 268 | |
John Kasich | 5/9/0 | 279 to 256 | 170 to 346 | 156 to 407 | 231 to 223 | 143 to 372 | 224 to 212 | 152 to 318 | 162 to 252 | 169 to 364 | 105 to 457 | 155 to 324 | 203 to 134 | 192 to 326 | 240 to 235 | |
Jeb Bush | 1/13/0 | 263 to 255 | 179 to 362 | 136 to 427 | 238 to 243 | 145 to 384 | 215 to 226 | 137 to 353 | 181 to 279 | 184 to 384 | 118 to 465 | 182 to 343 | 134 to 203 | 143 to 337 | 206 to 233 | |
Rand Paul | 9/4/1 | 360 to 138 | 342 to 337 | 173 to 366 | 343 to 204 | 269 to 269 | 323 to 121 | 188 to 294 | 348 to 253 | 323 to 347 | 271 to 370 | 334 to 325 | 326 to 192 | 337 to 143 | 328 to 89 | |
Ted Cruz | 4/10/0 | 211 to 179 | 268 to 358 | 131 to 447 | 273 to 257 | 193 to 366 | 196 to 193 | 143 to 369 | 261 to 291 | 262 to 385 | 212 to 430 | 268 to 349 | 235 to 240 | 233 to 206 | 89 to 328 |
And the Condorcet winner is: Andrew Yang.
Many people worry that with Range Voting people will game the system by Bullet Voting: giving their favorite candidate ten stars and everyone else a zero. (This is one justification for Range with Runoff: it gives more incentives to opine on all the viable candidates.)
Another possibility is that people could give 10s to multiple favorites and zeroes to the rest (min/max strategy). In this case Range degenerates to Approval.
So, will people Bullet Vote? Will they simply do an Approval Vote? To get an idea I have generated a histogram table of the number of ballots that include each of the number of stars. Note that it is possible to have more instances of a number of stars than there are ballots, as the total number of instances is the number of ballots times the number of candidates.
Percentages are percentages of possible instances.
Number of Stars | Number of Instances | Percent |
---|---|---|
0 | 4303 | 38.82% |
1 | 818 | 7.38% |
2 | 713 | 6.43% |
3 | 724 | 6.53% |
4 | 651 | 5.87% |
5 | 803 | 7.24% |
6 | 585 | 5.28% |
7 | 626 | 5.65% |
8 | 577 | 5.21% |
9 | 471 | 4.25% |
10 | 814 | 7.34% |
Now let's break down the above by candidate:
Candidate \ N Stars | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Donald Trump | 411 | 27 | 20 | 34 | 27 | 36 | 30 | 31 | 22 | 14 | 87 |
Joe Biden | 255 | 56 | 44 | 49 | 54 | 61 | 49 | 71 | 41 | 16 | 43 |
Jo Jorgensen | 188 | 54 | 49 | 55 | 40 | 53 | 35 | 48 | 36 | 56 | 125 |
Howie Hawkins | 342 | 69 | 57 | 50 | 43 | 55 | 28 | 25 | 19 | 17 | 34 |
Tulsi Gabbard | 200 | 47 | 54 | 71 | 67 | 88 | 65 | 63 | 40 | 21 | 23 |
Dan Crenshaw | 346 | 68 | 54 | 50 | 39 | 52 | 33 | 36 | 28 | 16 | 17 |
Justin Amash | 254 | 54 | 45 | 49 | 36 | 48 | 30 | 34 | 43 | 51 | 95 |
Amy Klobuchar | 314 | 55 | 55 | 65 | 55 | 66 | 43 | 36 | 30 | 11 | 9 |
Bernie Sanders | 268 | 35 | 40 | 24 | 26 | 30 | 24 | 36 | 50 | 65 | 141 |
Andrew Yang | 161 | 41 | 37 | 49 | 47 | 61 | 57 | 73 | 71 | 58 | 84 |
Elizabeth Warren | 291 | 41 | 42 | 25 | 37 | 32 | 37 | 36 | 59 | 64 | 75 |
John Kasich | 342 | 58 | 62 | 60 | 57 | 73 | 41 | 22 | 13 | 4 | 7 |
Jeb Bush | 329 | 84 | 71 | 80 | 55 | 57 | 26 | 16 | 12 | 2 | 7 |
Rand Paul | 248 | 62 | 47 | 37 | 32 | 41 | 53 | 60 | 67 | 44 | 48 |
Ted Cruz | 354 | 67 | 36 | 26 | 36 | 50 | 34 | 39 | 46 | 32 | 19 |
Number of bullet votes: 17 (2.30%).
Number of "approval" votes: 9 (1%).
Use the form below to look at the results for other parties or to toggle the inclusion of test runs.